So, in this situation, the British Government once again after a gap of 10 years came back with the new India Council Act of 1919. Montagu was the Secretary of State in 1919. Chelmsford was the Viceroy of India. So, this act was called the Montagu-Chelmsford reform
main provision of this act was imprisoned without trial for a minimum of two years. This act disappointed all the Indians. So, as a reaction to it, Gandhi declared 6th April 1919 as the day of the National Strike in India. From here, Gandhi Started his political career
In 1918, the Saurashtra region faced plague. So, with the end of the plague, Mill owner of Ahmedabad Mill decided to end the Plague bonus. But workers of the Mill protested on the ground that natural plague ie disease is over. But after World War-I, the worldly plague ie inflation came into existence
dye. So, this brought down the relevancy of the Indigo cultivation. So, in this situation, European planters taking advantage of their power and position and weakness of Indian farmers started exploitation of farmers. They started demanding illegal cess means a share in the produce of Indian farmers.
Champaran Satyagraha, Ahmedabad Mill Strike, and Kheda Movement proved experimenting labs for Gandhi. He precisely observed the previous movements of the Indian Freedom Struggle. So, by taking lessons from them he came out with his own method to fight with Britisher. So, after the coming of Gandhi, the phase of the freedom struggle was the Gandhian Era.
Lucknow Session of the Indian National Congress was held under the presidentship of Ambika Charan Majumdar. In this session both the Moderates and Extremists reunited. Both became complementary to each other. Moderates became the controller of the organization. Whereas Extremists became the mass mobilizer. So, both the moderates and extremists led the freedom struggle
people about the changing dynamics in the country. Therefore Annie Besant published “New India” and “Common Will” newspapers. Tilak published 7newspapers in which two famous were Maratha (in English) and Kesari (in Marathi).
The general reason for the demand of the Home Rule League was that in the contemporary time Australia and Canada also demanded the same. So, by taking inspiration from these countries Indians also started Home Rule League. But there were a lot of reasons to start the Home Rule League. The main leaders were Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Annie Besant.
With the coming of the immigration act of 1908, G.D. Kumar and Taraknath Das established the United India house. So, this organization sends two delegations one to British Crown and second to the Viceroy of India pleading that as Indians are also the citizen of British Empire and Canada is Dominion of Britain.
The youth of India was disappointed as the leaders escaped from India. So, instead of being helpless, they started secret organizations like Anusheelan Samiti, Yugantar, etc. The prominent leaders were Ras Bihari Bose, Madan Lal Dhingra, Chapekar Brothers, etc.
